Горизонтально-направленного бурения трубопроводов, прокладка техническое решение

В последние годы, Китай добился большого прогресса в кладке различных трубопроводов, технологии-раскопки горизонтального направленного бурения, and has been widely used in pipeline installations such as telecommunications, водопроводная вода, sewage, газ, electricity and heat. In order to make the horizontal directional drilling project of this project have rules to follow, and to ensure the construction quality and reduce the occurrence of various accidents, a technical plan for laying horizontal directional drilling pipelines has been specially formulated.

1. Terminologyof Horizontal Directional Drilling

1.1 Non-excavation technology: Construction techniques for the exploration, laying, replacement and repair of various underground pipelines with minimal surface excavation.

1.2 Горизонтально-направленное бурение: A horizontal directional drilling rig is used to control the drilling trajectory, drilling in different formations and depths, and guiding the construction method of underground pipeline construction by locator guiding to the design position. Во время строительства, the pilot hole is first drilled into the small diameter guide hole; then the drill hole is used to expand the hole to the required diameter; finally, the production tube is pulled into the hole.

1.3 Jacking/Starting Work Pit: A work pit excavated for the placement of horizontal directional drilling construction storage mud.

1.4 Accepting/Exporting Work Pit: A work pit excavated for the recovery of horizontally directional drilling into the mud discharged from the construction. There is a target working pit.

1.5 Crossing: Non-excavation construction of pipelines crossing obstacles (Реки, Зданий, Железные дороги, Автомагистралей, Др.) under the surface.

1.6 Drilling fluid/mud: Usually refers to a mixture of water and earthworm or polymer.

1.7 Направляющая скважина: When drilling in a directional drilling direction, first use the guiding instrument to measure and control the small diameter drilling hole drilled in the drilling direction.

1.8 Inlet/Exit Dip: The angle at which the drill string enters the formation or is drilled from the formation during horizontal directional drilling.

1.9 Backward expansion: When drilling horizontally, after drilling the guide hole, Это часто необходимо увеличить диаметр отверстия. На этот раз, задней сверло подключен к передней части бурильных труб тянуть обратно к восстановлению отверстие.

1.10 Повторное бурение бит: Для горизонтального направленного бурения, После руководящих отверстий, Он используется для увеличения руководящих отверстие и режущей головки, прилагается к передней части бурильной.

1.11 Тянуть обратно: Во время горизонтального бурения, увеличенные бурения отверстия тянет бурильной из ямы выход обратно к запускающее яма, and the construction process of the production pipe is laid.

1.12 Production pipe: various permanent underground pipelines laid for different purposes. The production pipe of this project is DN100PE plastic pipe.

1.13 Locator: An electronic instrument used to determine the position and intensity of electromagnetic wave signals emitted from a transmitting probe. It can also be used to detect the location of underground pipelines.

1.14 Measurement while drilling: Continuous measurement of measurement techniques related to drilling information while drilling.

2. Superiorityof Horizontal Directional Drilling

В индустрии бестраншейных технологий, horizontal directional drilling is one of the main growth areas. В настоящее время, in the oil, природный газ, Вода, энергетика и телекоммуникации, horizontal directional drilling has become a widely recognized pipe laying construction technology. Due to the improved construction accuracy of horizontal directional drilling, it can also be used for sewage pipes and other gravity pipelines. Laying.

По сравнению с другими методами строительства, horizontal directional drilling has the least impact on the environment, can provide a large depth of pipeline coverage under obstacles, has a large protective effect on pipelines, and has low maintenance costs, and in many cases, the cost is lower.

3. Technical processof Horizontal Directional Drilling

Horizontal directional drilling through the laying construction is commonly used: first drilling into the guiding hole, then reaming, and finally back to pull the pipe construction technology.

3.1 Направляющая скважина: The guide hole is drilled by a small-diameter comprehensive drill bit for full-hole bottom drilling. On the bottom lip of the drill bit or on the drill, a special mechanism for controlling the direction of the drill is installed. A measuring probe is mounted in the drill or immediately after it. During the drilling process, зонд непрерывно или с перерывами измеряет параметры бурения позиции и передает данные измерений на поверхности приемник в режиме реального времени через беспроводной или проводной средства. На основе этих данных и графики, полученные путем обработки данных, оператор принимает надлежащие технические меры по приведению механизм для управления направление бурения в отверстие, Таким образом вручную контролировать траекторию бурения для удовлетворения требованиям к конструкции.

The mechanism for controlling the drilling direction in the hole of the project is that the bottom lip surface of the drill bit is designed with an unbalanced structure. If the lip surface of the drill bit is a slope, the drill hole is drilled into the straight hole when the drill bit is continuously rotated, and the drill hole is drilled when the drill bit is not rotated. Drilling is skewed. This type of method is required to break the rock formation under the condition of no rotation, so the drilling is carried out by using the drilling fluid injection assisted crushing method in the soft soil layer.

3.2 Рассверливание: After the pilot hole is completed, the hole must be enlarged to a diameter suitable for the laying of the finished pipe. Как правило, the reamer is connected to the drill pipe at the exit pit opposite to the rig, and then pulled back for expansion. The reaming can be performed at one time depending on the diameter of the guide hole and the diameter of the hole suitable for the finished pipe and the situation of the site. The final reaming diameter is 1.2 times the outer diameter of the PE tube, ie 158 мм.

3.3 Pull tube: After the hole expansion is completed, the DN100PE pipe to be laid can be pulled. The pipe should be fully hot-melted in advance to facilitate one pull.

When pulling the pipe, the reamer should be connected to the drill pipe and then connected to the pipe’s slider through a single-action joint. The single-action joint can prevent the pipeline from rotating together with the reamer, ensuring that the pipeline can be smoothly returned smoothly.

4. Construction Equipmentof Horizontal Directional Drilling

4.1 Буровая установка: The drilling rig adopts a surface-drilling drilling rig with a walking mechanism for easy migration.

4.2 Drilling fluid: Буровых растворов, используемых в этом проекте используются грязи. Бурового раствора может охлаждать, Смажьте сверло, смягчают формирования, помочь трещиноватых формирования, Отрегулируйте направление бурения, нести мусор, стабилизировать отверстие стены, убрать трубы и смажьте трубы.